{"id":3330,"date":"2023-04-04T20:49:53","date_gmt":"2023-04-05T03:49:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/daotrangtayphuong.org\/wordpress\/?p=3330"},"modified":"2023-12-05T09:31:16","modified_gmt":"2023-12-05T16:31:16","slug":"tieu-su-cua-to-an-quang","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/daotrangtayphuong.org\/wordpress\/2023\/04\/04\/tieu-su-cua-to-an-quang\/","title":{"rendered":"Ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 \u1ea4n Quang"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Ch\u00fang con xin cung k\u00ednh tr\u00edch trong<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u1ea4n Quang V\u0103n Sao Tam Bi\u00ean, quy\u1ec3n 4<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

XVII. Ph\u1ee5 L\u1ee5c<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1. Trung H\u01b0ng T\u1ecbnh T\u00f4ng \u1ea4n Quang \u0110\u1ea1i S\u01b0 H\u1ea1nh Nghi\u1ec7p k\u00fd<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

S\u01b0 h\u00fay Th\u00e1nh L\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u1ef1 l\u00e0 \u1ea4n Quang[1]<\/a>, bi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1eddng T\u00e0m Qu\u00fd T\u0103ng (v\u1ecb t\u0103ng th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ed5 th\u1eb9n), con nh\u00e0 h\u1ecd Tri\u1ec7u huy\u1ec7n C\u00e1p D\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u1ec9nh Thi\u1ec3m T\u00e2y. Thu\u1edf nh\u1ecf theo h\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch Nho v\u1edbi anh ru\u1ed9t, coi vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1i h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Th\u00e1nh (Nho gi\u00e1o) l\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, ph\u1ee5 h\u1ecda nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn b\u00e1ng Ph\u1eadt c\u1ee7a l\u0169 H\u00e0n – \u00c2u. V\u1ec1 sau, b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh m\u1ea5y n\u0103m, m\u1edbi t\u1ec9nh ng\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia sai tr\u00e1i, mau ch\u00f3ng s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00e2m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Duy\u00ean xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf ch\u00edn mu\u1ed3i, n\u0103m hai m\u01b0\u01a1i m\u1ed1t tu\u1ed5i li\u1ec1n xu\u1ed1ng t\u00f3c v\u1edbi h\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ea1o Thu\u1ea7n \u1edf Li\u00ean Hoa \u0110\u1ed9ng T\u1ef1 t\u1ea1i Nam Ng\u0169 \u0110\u00e0i thu\u1ed9c Chung Nam S\u01a1n. Khi \u1ea5y nh\u1eb1m n\u0103m T\u00e2n T\u1ef5, t\u1ee9c n\u0103m Quang T\u1ef1 th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y (1881) nh\u00e0 Thanh. N\u0103m sau, th\u1ecd C\u1ee5 T\u00fac d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00f2a c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n H\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 ch\u00f9a Song Kh\u00ea, huy\u1ec7n H\u01b0ng An, t\u1ec9nh Thi\u1ec3m T\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u01b0 v\u1eeba ra \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng li\u1ec1n b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh m\u1eaft, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u00f9; v\u1ec1 sau tuy l\u00e0nh nh\u01b0ng m\u1ee5c l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng, h\u1ec5 m\u1eaft h\u01a1i b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecf li\u1ec1n ch\u1eb3ng nh\u00ecn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eadt g\u00ec n\u1eefa! Khi th\u1ecd C\u1ee5 T\u00fac, do th\u1ea5y S\u01b0 vi\u1ebft ch\u1eef \u0111\u1eb9p, ph\u00e0m t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ebft trong th\u1eddi gian th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi, [ban ch\u1ee9c s\u1ef1 gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0n] \u0111\u1ec1u giao cho S\u01b0 vi\u1ebft thay. Vi\u1ebft ch\u1eef qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u, m\u1eaft li\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecf ng\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 \u1ee9a m\u00e1u. May m\u1eafn l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea5y, khi S\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ti\u1ebfp kh\u00e1ch \u1edf ch\u00f9a Li\u00ean Hoa t\u1ec9nh H\u1ed3 B\u1eafc, trong m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n ph\u01a1i kinh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n Long Th\u01b0 T\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ed9 V\u0103n r\u00e1ch n\u00e1t n\u00ean bi\u1ebft t\u1edbi ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n Ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt v\u00e3ng sanh T\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 li\u1ec5u sanh tho\u00e1t t\u1eed. Do b\u1ec7nh m\u1eaft \u1ea5y m\u00e0 ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cth\u00e2n ta l\u00e0 g\u1ed1c kh\u1ed5\u201d n\u00ean trong nh\u1eefng l\u00fac r\u1ea3nh r\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ec1u chuy\u00ean ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt hi\u1ec7u. \u0110\u00eam xu\u1ed1ng, sau khi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1ee7, S\u01b0 li\u1ec1n ng\u1ed3i d\u1eady ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt. Ngay c\u1ea3 khi vi\u1ebft ch\u1eef, t\u00e2m c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng r\u1eddi Ph\u1eadt. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, tuy r\u00e1ng g\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ebft ch\u1eef, S\u01b0 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mi\u1ec5n c\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecdi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u1ebfn khi vi\u1ebft xong th\u00ec m\u1eaft c\u0169ng l\u00e0nh h\u1eb3n. Do v\u1eady, S\u01b0 hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u xa c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 b\u00e0n n\u00ean t\u1ef1 h\u00e0nh, d\u1ea1y ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t m\u1ef1c l\u1ea5y T\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ed9 l\u00e0m ch\u1ed7 quy h\u01b0\u1edbng; \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed1i l\u00e0 do \u0111\u00e2y!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          S\u01b0 tu T\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ed9 c\u00e0ng l\u00e2u c\u00e0ng chuy\u00ean d\u1ed1c, nghe n\u00f3i ch\u00f9a T\u01b0 Ph\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00fai H\u1ed3ng Loa ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u00e0ng chuy\u00ean tu T\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ed9, n\u0103m hai m\u01b0\u01a1i s\u00e1u tu\u1ed5i (t\u1ee9c n\u0103m B\u00ednh Tu\u1ea5t, nh\u1eb1m n\u0103m Quang T\u1ef1 12 – 1886)<\/em> li\u1ec1n t\u1eeb gi\u00e3 th\u1ea7y qua \u0111\u00f3. Th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m \u1ea5y, S\u01b0 v\u00e0o Ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng [c\u1ee7a ch\u00f9a T\u01b0 Ph\u01b0\u1edbc], \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n \u00e2n tr\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 Tri\u1ec7t Ng\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i, T\u1ecbnh nghi\u1ec7p t\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn l\u1edbn lao. Th\u00e1ng Gi\u00eang n\u0103m sau xin t\u1ea1m ngh\u1ec9 ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec1u b\u00e1i Ng\u0169 \u0110\u00e0i. Tri\u1ec1u b\u00e1i xong, v\u1eabn tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 T\u01b0 Ph\u01b0\u1edbc. S\u01b0 t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Kh\u00e1ch \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, H\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u0103ng, Li\u00eau Nguy\u00ean[2]<\/a> v.v\u2026 Trong ba n\u0103m, ngo\u00e0i Ch\u00e1nh H\u1ea1nh Ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt ra, S\u01b0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, xem \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e1c kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eeba. Do v\u1eady, th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp Kinh T\u1ea1ng, th\u1ea7m kh\u1ebf h\u1ee3p m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m t\u00e2m Ph\u1eadt, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eaft tu h\u00e0nh l\u00fd s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 ng\u1ea1i. N\u0103m ba m\u01b0\u01a1i tu\u1ed5i (t\u1ee9c n\u0103m Canh D\u1ea7n, nh\u1eb1m n\u0103m Quang T\u1ef1 16 – 1890)<\/em>, S\u01b0 t\u1edbi ch\u00f9a Long Tuy\u1ec1n \u1edf B\u1eafc Kinh gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c H\u00e0nh \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u0103m ba m\u01b0\u01a1i m\u1ed1t tu\u1ed5i (t\u1ee9c n\u0103m T\u00e2n M\u00e3o, nh\u1eb1m n\u0103m Quang T\u1ef1 17 – 1891)<\/em>, S\u01b0 tr\u1ee5 t\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a Vi\u00ean Qu\u1ea3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hai n\u0103m sau (t\u1ee9c n\u0103m Qu\u00fd T\u1ef5, nh\u1eb1m n\u0103m Quang T\u1ef1 19 – 1893)<\/em>, h\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u00f3a V\u0103n ch\u00f9a Ph\u00e1p V\u0169 n\u00fai Ph\u1ed5 \u0110\u00e0 l\u00ean kinh \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ec9nh \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng, thi\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00fap s\u1ee9c ki\u1ec3m duy\u1ec7t, lo li\u1ec7u. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi do th\u1ea5y S\u01b0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tinh t\u1ebf, c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, b\u00e8n ti\u1ebfn c\u1eed. C\u1ee5 H\u00f3a V\u0103n th\u1ea5y S\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ea1nh si\u00eau tr\u1ed7i, \u0111\u1ebfn khi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam li\u1ec1n th\u1ec9nh S\u01b0 c\u00f9ng theo l\u00e0m b\u1ea1n, cho \u1edf n\u01a1i l\u1ea7u T\u00e0ng Kinh c\u1ee7a ch\u00f9a. \u0110\u1ea1i ch\u00fang trong ch\u00f9a th\u1ea5y S\u01b0 d\u1ed1c ch\u00ed tinh tu \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00e2m ph\u1ee5c s\u00e2u xa, nh\u01b0ng S\u01b0 v\u1eabn b\u00ecnh d\u1ecb, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ec1 t\u1ef1 m\u00e3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00f9a H\u1ea1 n\u0103m \u0110inh D\u1eadu, t\u1ee9c n\u0103m Quang T\u1ef1 23 (1897), \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang trong ch\u00f9a ki\u00ean tr\u00ec th\u1ec9nh S\u01b0 gi\u1ea3ng kinh m\u1ed9t phen. T\u1eeb t\u1ea1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, S\u01b0 b\u00e8n gi\u1ea3ng b\u1ed9 Di \u0110\u00e0 Ti\u1ec7n M\u00f4ng Sao m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3t. Gi\u1ea3ng xong, S\u01b0 li\u1ec1n b\u1ebf quan b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111i\u1ec7n Ch\u00e2u B\u1ea3o hai l\u01b0\u1ee3t, t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng s\u00e1u n\u0103m[3]<\/a>, h\u1ecdc l\u1eabn h\u1ea1nh c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng t\u1ea5n g\u1ea5p b\u1ed9i. Sau khi xu\u1ea5t quan, do c\u00e1c h\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Li\u1ec5u D\u01b0, Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1t v.v\u2026 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t li\u00ean b\u1ed3ng (th\u1ea3o am \u0111\u1ec3 ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt) c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau S\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 \u0110\u1ebf Nh\u00e0n \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u sau, \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3n S\u01b0 v\u1ec1 Ph\u00e1p V\u0169.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m S\u01b0 b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i b\u1ed1n tu\u1ed5i (t\u1ee9c n\u0103m Gi\u00e1p Th\u00ecn, nh\u1eb1m n\u0103m Quang T\u1ef1 30 – 1904)<\/em>, do th\u1ec9nh \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh cho ch\u00f9a \u0110\u1ea7u \u0110\u00e0 \u1edf \u00d4n Ch\u00e2u, c\u1ee5 \u0110\u1ebf Nh\u00e0n l\u1ea1i th\u1ec9nh S\u01b0 l\u00ean kinh \u0111\u00f4 gi\u00fap tr\u00f4ng coi m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c. Xong vi\u1ec7c, S\u01b0 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Nam, b\u00e8n tr\u1ee5 t\u1ea1i l\u1ea7u kinh ch\u00f9a Ph\u00e1p V\u0169. S\u01b0 xu\u1ea5t gia ba m\u01b0\u01a1i m\u1ea5y n\u0103m, s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1eddi thanh b\u1ea1ch, t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i \u1ea9n gi\u1ea5u t\u00e0i n\u0103ng, ch\u1eb3ng th\u00edch qua l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng mu\u1ed1n ai bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn danh t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 mong ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam Di \u0110\u00e0, s\u1edbm ch\u1ee9ng Ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt tam-mu\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Nh\u01b0ng chu\u00f4ng tr\u1ed1ng trong cung, ti\u1ebfng v\u1eb3ng ra ngo\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ee9c d\u1ea7y \u1eaft t\u1ecfa s\u00e1ng, tr\u1ecdn ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef k\u00edn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3i! K\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c, S\u01b0 n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i hai tu\u1ed5i, c\u01b0 s\u0129 Cao H\u1ea1c Ni\u00ean b\u00e8n \u0111em m\u1ea5y b\u00e0i v\u0103n c\u1ee7a S\u01b0 \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean t\u1edd Ph\u1eadt H\u1ecdc T\u00f9ng B\u00e1o \u1edf Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i, ghi t\u00ean l\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1eddng T\u00e0m. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta tuy ch\u1eb3ng bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 ai, nh\u01b0ng v\u0103n t\u1ef1 B\u00e1t Nh\u00e3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn d\u1eaft, ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi thi\u1ec7n c\u0103n cho \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u (1917, S\u01b0 n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i b\u1ea3y tu\u1ed5i)<\/em>, c\u01b0 s\u0129 T\u1eeb \u00day Nh\u01b0 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ba l\u00e1 th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a S\u01b0 g\u1edfi cho b\u1ea1n b\u00e8n \u1ea5n h\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ef1a l\u00e0 \u1ea4n Quang Ph\u00e1p S\u01b0 T\u00edn C\u1ea3o. N\u0103m D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y (1918, S\u01b0 n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i t\u00e1m tu\u1ed5i<\/em>)<\/em>, \u00f4ng ta l\u1ea1i s\u01b0u t\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai m\u01b0\u01a1i m\u1ea5y b\u00e0i v\u0103n c\u1ee7a S\u01b0, \u0111em in \u1edf B\u1eafc Kinh, \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u1ea4n Quang Ph\u00e1p S\u01b0 V\u0103n Sao. N\u0103m D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m (1919, S\u01b0 n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i ch\u00edn tu\u1ed5i)<\/em>, \u00f4ng ta s\u01b0u t\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a S\u01b0, b\u00e8n in th\u00eam cu\u1ed1n T\u1ee5c Bi\u00ean; ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ed9p S\u01a1 Bi\u00ean l\u1eabn T\u1ee5c Bi\u00ean th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n. Trong hai n\u0103m D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c th\u1ee9 ch\u00edn v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi, b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch \u1ea5y l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i n\u1eefa. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00fac b\u1ea3n k\u1ebdm t\u1ea1i Th\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u1ee5 \u1ea4n Th\u01b0 Qu\u00e1n, kh\u1eafc b\u1ea3n g\u1ed7 t\u1ea1i D\u01b0\u01a1ng Ch\u00e2u T\u00e0ng Kinh Vi\u1ec7n. Trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c 11 (1922) cho \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c 15 (1926), m\u1ea5y l\u1ea7n t\u0103ng th\u00eam b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft, l\u1ea1i nh\u1edd Trung Hoa Th\u01b0 C\u1ee5c \u1ea5n h\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ef1a l\u00e0 T\u0103ng Qu\u1ea3ng \u1ea4n Quang Ph\u00e1p S\u01b0 V\u0103n Sao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d4i! V\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1edf \u0111\u1ea1o, b\u1ed9 V\u0103n Sao c\u1ee7a S\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a S\u01b0 gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a b\u00e8n th\u1ea5m \u0111\u1eabm kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0 T\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ed9 Quy\u1ebft Nghi Lu\u1eadn, T\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1o B\u1ea5t Nghi H\u1ed7n L\u1ea1m Lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 nh\u01b0 \u201cTh\u01b0 g\u1edfi cho h\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Th\u1ec3 An ch\u00f9a \u0110\u1ea1i H\u01b0ng Thi\u1ec7n\u201d<\/em> v.v\u2026 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 \u201ct\u1eebng l\u1eddi th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ebd ch\u00e2n, t\u1eebng ch\u1eef \u0111\u1ec1u quy t\u00f4ng\u201d v\u1eady. Tr\u00ean h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u00fd ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Ph\u1eadt, d\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u1ea7m h\u1ee3p t\u00e2m ch\u00fang sanh, t\u1ecfa r\u1ea1ng \u00fd ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec7m s\u00e2u th\u1eb3m c\u1ee7a Thi\u1ec1n l\u1eabn T\u1ecbnh, quy\u1ebft tr\u1ea1ch s\u1ef1 kh\u00f3 – d\u1ec5, qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ea1ch tr\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 ti\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n ch\u01b0a n\u00eau r\u00f5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong l\u1eddi B\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng T\u1eeb c\u00f3 c\u00e2u: \u201c\u0110\u1ea1i ph\u00e1p suy vi t\u1edbi nay \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed9t c\u00f9ng, n\u00e0o ng\u1edd trong \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u00f3 b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u00e1nh tri ch\u00e1nh ki\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 S\u01b0 v\u1eady, do \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u00f3 b\u1eadc ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i hu\u1ec7 m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Ph\u1eadt\u201d.<\/em> \u00d4ng ta c\u00f2n vi\u1ebft: \u201cV\u0103n c\u1ee7a S\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef n\u00e0o ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 lai l\u1ecbch, th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp, hi\u1ec3n xu\u1ea5t, kh\u1ebf h\u1ee3p kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o th\u1eddi l\u1eabn c\u01a1, qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u00f3n thu\u1ed1c t\u1ed1t l\u00e0nh ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00fang l\u00fac trong th\u1eddi M\u1ea1t Ph\u00e1p\u201d.<\/em> Th\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 kh\u00e9o hi\u1ec3u ph\u00e1p y\u1ebfu, d\u1ed1c c\u1ea1n t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng k\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do \u0111\u00f3, tho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea7u T\u1eeb c\u01b0 s\u0129 \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n c\u1ea7m s\u00e1ch, \u0111\u01b0a m\u1eb9 t\u1edbi Ph\u1ed5 \u0110\u00e0, d\u1ed1c c\u1ea1n l\u00f2ng Th\u00e0nh l\u1ec5 b\u00e1i th\u00e2n c\u1eadn, kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea7u S\u01b0 ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn r\u1ed9ng dung cho quy y d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00f2a, S\u01b0 v\u1eabn ki\u00ean tr\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn, d\u1ea1y m\u1eb9 con \u00f4ng T\u1eeb h\u00e3y sang quy y v\u1edbi ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 \u0110\u1ebf Nh\u00e0n ch\u00f9a Qu\u00e1n T\u00f4ng \u1edf Ninh Ba. N\u0103m D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c th\u1ee9 t\u00e1m (1919), anh em \u00f4ng Ch\u00e2u M\u1ea1nh Do \u0111\u01b0a b\u00e0 n\u1ed9i k\u1ebf l\u00ean n\u00fai, l\u1ea1i b\u1ed1n l\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea7u S\u01b0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn cho h\u1ecd l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed. S\u01b0 x\u00e9t th\u1eddi c\u01a1, v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00fd kh\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb kh\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa, b\u00e8n \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u00e1p danh cho m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. T\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5y, S\u01b0 m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c quy y m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5y c\u0169ng th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 duy\u00ean kh\u1edfi c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 V\u0103n Sao v\u1eady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a S\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng tinh x\u00e1c, s\u00e2u xa n\u01a1i Ph\u1eadt l\u00fd m\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1o x\u1eed th\u1ebf \u201cc\u00e1ch v\u1eadt, tr\u00ed tri, th\u00e0nh \u00fd, ch\u00e1nh t\u00e2m, tu t\u1ec1 tr\u1ecb b\u00ecnh, ng\u0169 lu\u00e2n, b\u00e1t \u0111\u1ee9c\u201d v.v\u2026 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Nho n\u1ebfu ch\u1eb3ng tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi ba ph\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a T\u1ecbnh nghi\u1ec7p th\u00ec S\u01b0 \u1eaft \u0111\u1ec1u n\u00eau t\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed9t c\u00f9ng. V\u0103n l\u1eabn ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ec1u tao nh\u00e3, m\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1edbc, do v\u1eady L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1ea5y \u0111\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecf[4]<\/a>, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta tranh nhau th\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ecdc. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7n nam t\u00edn n\u1eef h\u00e2m m\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a S\u01b0, kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec7 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o. Ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t bi\u1ec3n tr\u00e8o non \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u S\u01b0 r\u1ed9ng l\u00f2ng ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ed9, ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0 qua tin l\u1ea1i, c\u1ea7u xin ban ph\u00e1p danh. H\u01a1n hai m\u01b0\u01a1i m\u1ea5y n\u0103m qua, ng\u01b0\u1eddi quy y d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00f2a c\u1ee7a S\u01b0 qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c! Ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e2ng theo l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y tu h\u00e0nh, \u0103n chay ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt, tinh tu T\u1ecbnh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u1ea1i \u00fd sanh T\u00e2y c\u0169ng kh\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00eau tr\u1ecdn. V\u0103n t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a S\u01b0 nhi\u1ebfp h\u00f3a ch\u00fang sanh, l\u1ee3i \u00edch th\u1ebf gian ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 b\u00e0n!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi S\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc \u0111i th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o tai, ch\u1ec9 b\u00e0y t\u1eadn m\u1eb7t, v\u1ed1n ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb kinh lu\u1eadn, l\u01b0u l\u1ed9 t\u1eeb tim gan, ch\u1eb3ng l\u00eca nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3, ch\u1eb3ng d\u00ednh d\u1ea5p th\u00f3i v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1o r\u1ed7ng. Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c d\u1eabu l\u00e0 b\u1eadc t\u00f4n t\u00fac trong nh\u00e0 Thi\u1ec1n hay k\u1ebb \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u1edbi Nho s\u0129, h\u1ec5 g\u1eb7p m\u1eb7t li\u1ec1n b\u1ecb S\u01b0 qu\u1edf tr\u00e1ch; [c\u00f2n k\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 duy\u00ean chi\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c], d\u1eabu l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb quan ch\u1ee9c hi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea1t, S\u01b0 v\u1eabn tr\u1ecdn ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1edd c\u1eady \u0111\u1ebfn. K\u1ebb \u0111\u00e1ng nhi\u1ebfp th\u1ecd, d\u1eabu h\u00e0ng h\u1eadu sinh m\u1ea1t h\u1ecdc, S\u01b0 c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u1ef1 tuy\u1ec7t, kh\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb. D\u1eabu l\u00e0 n\u00f4ng phu, n\u1eef t\u1ef3, S\u01b0 c\u0169ng \u01b0u \u00e1i \u0111\u00e1p l\u1eddi [th\u1ec9nh h\u1ecfi]. M\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m ho\u00e0i b\u00e3o \u201cl\u1ee3i kh\u1eafp ba c\u0103n\u201d b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng; kh\u00f4ng mang \u00fd ni\u1ec7m th\u00e2n – s\u01a1, ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a theo l\u00fd. Nh\u01b0ng S\u01b0 ngh\u0129: Th\u1eddi cu\u1ed9c \u0111ang bu\u1ed5i cu\u1ed1i m\u00f9a, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 x\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o \u1ee9ng s\u1ebd ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ec3 v\u00e3n h\u1ed3i th\u00f3i t\u1ec7 suy \u0111\u1ed3i nh\u1eb1m u\u1ed1n n\u1eafn l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi; c\u0103n c\u01a1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u00e9m h\u00e8n n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1eadt h\u1ea1nh t\u00edn nguy\u1ec7n ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt, quy\u1ebft ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ec3 li\u1ec5u sanh t\u1eed, tho\u00e1t lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, ch\u1eb3ng n\u1ec1 sang – h\u00e8n, hi\u1ec1n – ngu, trai – g\u00e1i, gi\u00e0 – tr\u1ebb, h\u1ec5 c\u00f3 ai th\u01b0a h\u1ecfi, S\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec1u d\u00f9ng th\u1eadt s\u1ef1, th\u1eadt l\u00fd \u201ckh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00e1c, v\u00e2ng l\u00e0m c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0nh, nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o \u1ee9ng, sanh t\u1eed lu\u00e2n h\u1ed3i\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 ra r\u1ea3 nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf, kh\u01a1i g\u1ee3i, khi\u1ebfn cho ai n\u1ea5y sanh l\u00f2ng c\u1ea3nh t\u1ec9nh, th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u xa, l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0103n c\u01a1 l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi, s\u1ed1ng trong c\u00f5i \u0111\u1eddi. Ti\u1ebfn h\u01a1n n\u1eefa l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu, b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng \u201cth\u1eadt s\u1ef1 v\u00ec sanh t\u1eed, ph\u00e1t B\u1ed3 \u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e2m, t\u00edn nguy\u1ec7n ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt c\u1ea7u sanh T\u00e2y Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c ph\u1ee5ng h\u00e0nh h\u00f2ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eaft nh\u1eb1m si\u00eau ph\u00e0m nh\u1eadp th\u00e1nh. Tuy th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u T\u00f4ng – Gi\u00e1o s\u00e2u xa, S\u01b0 tr\u1ecdn ch\u1eb3ng b\u00e0n huy\u1ec1n n\u00f3i di\u1ec7u, [ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi l\u1ebd c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, th\u00f4ng t\u1ee5c] khi\u1ebfn cho ai n\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. K\u1ebb nghe d\u1ea1y kh\u00f4ng ai ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i \u00edch. \u0110\u1ea5y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 Li\u00ean Tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 Bi\u1ec7n Dung l\u00e3o nh\u00e2n[5]<\/a> nh\u01b0 sau: \u201c\u0110\u1ea5y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u1ea5y!\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do S\u01b0 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1, ng\u00f4n – h\u1ea1nh h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t, cho n\u00ean nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ch\u00e2n tu th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00edch th\u00e2n c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb g\u00f5 c\u1eeda quan ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ea1o c\u0169ng nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfm xu\u1ec3! H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, S\u01b0 coi tr\u1ecdng ph\u00e1p, t\u00f4n k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea1o, danh v\u0103n l\u1ee3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1eb3ng b\u1eadn l\u00f2ng. N\u0103m D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c 11 (1922, S\u01b0 s\u00e1u m\u01b0\u01a1i hai tu\u1ed5i)<\/em>, Tri S\u1ef1 huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ecbnh H\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0o T\u1ea1i \u0110\u00f4ng, \u0110\u1ea1o Do\u00e3n \u0111\u1ea1o C\u1ed1i K\u00ea l\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng H\u00e0m Chi ghi ch\u00e9p t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1o h\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a S\u01b0 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ec9nh \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ed5ng Th\u1ed1ng T\u1eeb [Th\u1ebf X\u01b0\u01a1ng] ban t\u1eb7ng m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m bi\u1ec3n ng\u1ea1ch \u201cNg\u1ed9 Tri\u1ec7t Vi\u00ean Minh\u201d g\u1edfi t\u1edbi Ph\u1ed5 \u0110\u00e0, h\u01b0\u01a1ng hoa c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u1ef1c th\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi, T\u0103ng – t\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9, vui th\u00edch. S\u01b0 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ch\u1eb3ng hay bi\u1ebft, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ebfn, S\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1p b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi l\u1ebd nh\u01b0: \u201c\u0110\u00e3 d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea7u g\u00e1c trong h\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng, ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 th\u1eadt \u0111\u1ee9c, h\u1ed5 th\u1eb9n kh\u00f4n c\u00f9ng, c\u00f3 g\u00ec vinh d\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e2u?\u201d Nay \u0111ang g\u1eb7p l\u00fac c\u00f5i \u0111\u1eddi b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o v\u1eadn M\u1ea1t, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ganh \u0111ua s\u00f9ng chu\u1ed9ng khoe khoang r\u1ed7ng tu\u1ebfch, t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ea1m, thanh b\u1ea1ch nh\u01b0 S\u01b0 th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i c\u01a1n s\u00f3ng cu\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u1ee5p xu\u1ed1ng, l\u00e0m c\u1ed9t ch\u1ed1ng gi\u1eefa d\u00f2ng [n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y xi\u1ebft], d\u00f9 \u0111\u1ea1o hay t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          S\u01b0 ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed n\u1ed3ng h\u1eadu v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. H\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ec7n t\u00edn nam n\u1eef c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec1n h\u01b0\u01a1ng k\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111em gieo ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i\u1ec1n thay cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta, d\u00f9ng ti\u1ec1n \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng kinh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 c\u1ee9u t\u1ebf k\u1ebb \u0111\u00f3i ngh\u00e8o, ch\u1ec9 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc n\u1eb7ng – nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ec3 xem ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o c\u1ea7n c\u1ee9u g\u1ea5p tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ed3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n! Nh\u01b0 trong n\u0103m D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c 15 (1926, S\u01b0 s\u00e1u m\u01b0\u01a1i s\u00e1u tu\u1ed5i)<\/em>, Tr\u01b0\u1eddng An b\u1ecb v\u00e2y h\u00e3m. Sau khi Tr\u01b0\u1eddng An \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i v\u00e2y, S\u01b0 li\u1ec1n v\u1ed9i gom m\u00f3n ti\u1ec1n ba ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u00f9ng in V\u0103n Sao \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eady ng\u01b0\u1eddi mau \u0111em g\u1edfi \u0111i c\u1ee9u t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u1ec5 nghe c\u1ea5p b\u00e1o ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o b\u1ecb tai n\u1ea1n, S\u01b0 li\u1ec1n t\u1eadn l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec1 x\u01b0\u1edbng quy\u00ean tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec3 mong c\u1ee9u gi\u00fap. N\u0103m D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c 24 (1935, S\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea3y m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u0103m tu\u1ed5i),<\/em> Thi\u1ec3m T\u00e2y b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n h\u00e1n d\u1eef d\u1ed9i, nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a c\u01b0 s\u0129 V\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ea4u N\u00f4ng, S\u01b0 li\u1ec1n l\u1ea5y s\u1ed5 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, sai ng\u01b0\u1eddi chuy\u1ec3n g\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng sang \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u tr\u1ee3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Chuy\u1ec3n xong, l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3o th\u1ea7y \u0110\u1ee9c S\u00e2m duy\u1ec7t s\u1ed5 s\u00e1ch, th\u1ea5y trong tr\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ee5c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m \u0111\u1ed3ng! H\u1ebft th\u1ea3y nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng trong ch\u00f9a B\u00e1o Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1edd v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec, S\u01b0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1eadn t\u00e2m t\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c 25 (1936, S\u01b0 b\u1ea3y m\u01b0\u01a1i<\/em> s\u00e1u tu\u1ed5i),<\/em> nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e1p trong ph\u00e1p h\u1ed9i H\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c T\u1ee9c Tai \u1edf Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i, nghe t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh Tuy Vi\u1ec5n g\u1eb7p tai n\u1ea1n nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, S\u01b0 li\u1ec1n n\u00f3i r\u00f5 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang, \u0111em m\u00f3n ti\u1ec1n h\u01b0\u01a1ng k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi quy y c\u1ea7u gi\u1edbi l\u00fac \u1ea5y t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 hai ng\u00e0n ch\u00edn tr\u0103m m\u1ea5y m\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u quy\u00ean t\u1eb7ng h\u1ebft, r\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec1 x\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u1ecf ra kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ed1n d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 in s\u00e1ch. Khi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 T\u00f4 Ch\u00e2u, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra tr\u1ea1m xe \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp S\u01b0, th\u1ec9nh S\u01b0 gh\u00e9 Linh Nham \u0111\u1ec3 xem c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t n\u0103m qua; S\u01b0 \u0111ang g\u1ea5p r\u00fat tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 B\u00e1o Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y s\u1ed5 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng r\u00fat ti\u1ec1n \u0111em g\u1edfi \u0111i c\u1ee9u tr\u1ee3, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i c\u0169ng theo m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ean n\u00fai, S\u01b0 li\u1ec1n ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang h\u00e3y c\u1ee9u gi\u00fap tai n\u1ea1n. T\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng S\u01b0 [c\u1ee9u tr\u1ee3 tai \u01b0\u01a1ng] s\u00e2u \u0111\u1eadm gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3i, b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft \u0111u\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec1u lu\u00f4n gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c c\u01b0 s\u0129 Ng\u1ee5y Mai T\u00f4n, V\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ea4u N\u00f4ng v.v\u2026 ph\u00e1t kh\u1edfi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ch\u00f9a Ph\u00e1p V\u00e2n l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u00e0ng ph\u00f3ng sanh ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt \u1edf s\u00f4ng Tam Xoa, Nam Kinh, th\u1ec9nh S\u01b0 tham gia v\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ecbnh quy c\u1ee7 nh\u00e0 ch\u00f9a. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3, do c\u01b0 s\u0129 Nh\u1eadm T\u00e2m B\u1ea1ch th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i c\u01b0 s\u0129 \u1edf Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 Ph\u00f9ng M\u1ed9ng Hoa, V\u01b0\u01a1ng Nh\u1ea5t \u0110\u00ecnh, Di\u00eau V\u0103n Phu, Quan Qu\u00fdnh Chi, Ho\u00e0ng H\u00e0m Chi v.v\u2026 s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp vi\u1ec7n M\u1ed3 C\u00f4i Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5y, m\u1ed7i m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1edd c\u1eady v\u00e0o oai \u0111\u1ee9c, danh v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u01a1i g\u1ee3i l\u00f2ng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c h\u00f2ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi chuy\u1ec7n nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y con em ngh\u00e8o h\u00e8n trong vi\u1ec7n M\u1ed3 C\u00f4i, S\u01b0 c\u00e0ng c\u1ef1c l\u1ef1c gi\u00fap cho th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u. Kho\u1ea3n kinh ph\u00ed cho vi\u1ec7n M\u1ed3 C\u00f4i do S\u01b0 khuy\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 v\u00e0 do ch\u00ednh S\u01b0 quy\u00ean t\u1eb7ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn. Ngay nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n M\u1ed3 C\u00f4i do h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m, c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c S\u01b0 c\u1ef1c l\u1ef1c gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi chuy\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p th\u00ed th\u00ec k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi \u1ea5n t\u1ed1ng An S\u0129 To\u00e0n Th\u01b0 v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp Ho\u1eb1ng H\u00f3a X\u00e3 tr\u1edf \u0111i, trong hai m\u01b0\u01a1i m\u1ea5y n\u0103m \u1ea5n h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kinh s\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ed1n n\u0103m tr\u0103m v\u1ea1n b\u1ed9, h\u00ecnh Ph\u1eadt c\u0169ng h\u01a1n tr\u0103m v\u1ea1n b\u1ee9c. Ho\u1eb1ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u00f3a c\u0169ng th\u1ea5m \u0111\u1eabm r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp trong ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u00ecn chung, m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi n\u00f3i, m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a S\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eb1m thay Ph\u1eadt tuy\u00ean n\u00f3i, gi\u00e1o h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 mong c\u1ee9u v\u00e3n th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea1o, nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m, khi\u1ebfn cho hi\u1ec1n t\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ea9y sanh nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o ph\u01b0\u1edbc cho n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00e0m l\u1ee3i cho d\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, S\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 \u0103n cho kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u00f3i, ch\u1eb3ng c\u1ea7u ngon mi\u1ec7ng, \u00e1o ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ee1 l\u1ea1nh, ch\u00e1n b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd, r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1. C\u00f3 ai c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eefng qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o, th\u1ee9c \u0103n qu\u00fd \u0111\u1eb9p, S\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng t\u1eeb kh\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng d\u00f9ng, \u0111em t\u1eb7ng ngay cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m v\u1eadt th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, S\u01b0 li\u1ec1n b\u1ea3o giao cho nh\u00e0 kho \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang c\u00f9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng, quy\u1ebft ch\u1eb3ng t\u1ef1 d\u00f9ng. \u0110\u1ea5y tuy l\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh nh\u1ecf, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed trong \u0111\u1eddi M\u1ea1t t\u00f4n k\u00ednh noi theo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          S\u01b0 duy tr\u00ec b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n, c\u00f4ng kh\u00f3 ngh\u0129 b\u00e0n! Tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u1ea3y ra cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u00c2u Ch\u00e2u, ch\u00e1nh ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 quy\u1ebft ngh\u1ecb v\u1ec1 chuy\u1ec7n d\u1eddi ki\u1ec1u d\u00e2n \u0110\u1ee9c Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf t\u1ea1i Ph\u1ed5 \u0110\u00e0. S\u01b0 s\u1ee3 g\u00e2y tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i cho s\u1ef1 thanh tu c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang li\u1ec1n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t g\u1edfi th\u01b0 cho c\u01b0 s\u0129 Tr\u1ea7n T\u00edch Ch\u00e2u c\u1eady \u00f4ng n\u00e0y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u1eb7n k\u1ebd v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng. Vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5y li\u1ec1n b\u1ecb b\u00e3i b\u1ecf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c 11 (1922, S\u01b0 s\u00e1u m\u01b0\u01a1i hai tu\u1ed5i)<\/em>, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb nh\u01b0 h\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edfng H\u1ed9i \u01af\u1edbc V\u1ecdng Th\u1ef1c Hi\u1ec7n Th\u00e0nh T\u1ef1u Ngh\u0129a V\u1ee5 Gi\u00e1o D\u1ee5c t\u1ec9nh Giang T\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec7 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean t\u1ec9nh tr\u01b0\u1edfng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch m\u01b0\u1ee3n ch\u00f9a mi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc xin chu\u1ea9n y, Tri S\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ecbnh H\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0o T\u1ea1i \u0110\u00f4ng g\u1edfi th\u01b0 cho S\u01b0 c\u1eady c\u1ee9u v\u00e3n. S\u01b0 l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c vi\u1ebft xin hai v\u1ecb V\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ea4u N\u00f4ng, Ng\u1ee5y Mai T\u00f4n t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch lo li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 nh\u1edd h\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Di\u1ec7u Li\u00ean b\u00f4n ba, li\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e1nh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi ban h\u00e0nh s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c 16 (1927, S\u01b0 s\u00e1u m\u01b0\u01a1i b\u1ea3y tu\u1ed5i)<\/em>, t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf ch\u00e1nh tr\u1ecb b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i, t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n nh\u00e0 ch\u00f9a tr\u1ecdn kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, m\u1ea5y l\u1ea7n s\u1eafp b\u1ecb h\u1ecda di\u1ec7t gi\u00e1o, nh\u01b0ng Ph\u1ed5 \u0110\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9ng m\u0169i ch\u1ecbu s\u00e0o, do S\u01b0 x\u1ea3 m\u1ea1ng t\u1eadn l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea5u l\u00fd m\u1edbi k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1i t\u00e0n. T\u1edbi khi \u00f4ng X\u2026 khi n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n N\u1ed9i Ch\u00e1nh[6]<\/a>, m\u1ea5y l\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb t\u1ecbch th\u00e2u t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n nh\u00e0 ch\u00f9a \u0111\u1ec3 khu\u1ebfch tr\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, r\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c t\u0103ng – t\u1ee5c c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u kinh ho\u1ea3ng b\u00f3 tay. May m\u1eafn l\u00e0 S\u01b0 v\u00e0 c\u1ee5 \u0110\u1ebf Nh\u00e0n \u1edf Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c v\u1ecb c\u01b0 s\u0129 nhi\u1ec7t t\u00e2m h\u1ed9 ph\u00e1p c\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng ngh\u1ecb, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u1eb7n k\u1ebd v\u1edbi \u00f4ng X\u2026 ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u \u0111i th\u1ec9nh nguy\u1ec7n. B\u00e0n b\u1ea1c r\u1ed3i ch\u01b0a k\u1ecbp th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, g\u1eb7p l\u00fac \u00f4ng X\u2026 s\u1eafp v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec9, l\u1ea1i ban h\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 \u0111u\u1ed5i T\u0103ng \u0111o\u1ea1t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n nh\u1eb1m chi\u1ebfm \u0111o\u1ea1t theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 h\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch di\u1ec7t t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o. May m\u1eafn l\u00e0 khi \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 v\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1, \u00f4ng X\u2026 li\u1ec1n ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n giao quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, B\u1ed9 Tr\u01b0\u1edfng Tri\u1ec7u Th\u1ee9 L\u0169ng ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 \u1ea5y. S\u01b0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t g\u1edfi th\u01b0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1ea5y li\u1ec1n b\u1ecb th\u1ee7 ti\u00eau kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea5y, S\u01b0 nh\u1edd c\u00e1c v\u1ecb c\u01b0 s\u0129 nh\u01b0 Ti\u00eau D\u1ecbch \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng v.v… d\u1ed1c s\u1ee9c ch\u1ea1y v\u1ea1y, \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 \u1ea5y m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tu ch\u1ec9nh, t\u0103ng l\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00ecnh an.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c 22-23 (1933-1934, S\u01b0 73, 74 tu\u1ed5i)<\/em>, ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a c\u1ed5 T\u01b0 Ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf huy\u1ec7n Ph\u1ee5 D\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u1ec9nh An Huy l\u00e0 n\u01a1i v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ba b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u1eadt do U\u1ea5t Tr\u00ec K\u00ednh \u0110\u1ee9c[7]<\/a> \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o trong th\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u1ea3 ch\u00f9a b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfm l\u00e0m tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc. B\u00edch S\u01a1n T\u1ef1 v\u00e0 th\u1ea3o am Qu\u1ea3ng T\u1ebf \u1edf n\u00fai Ng\u0169 \u0110\u00e0i t\u1ec9nh S\u01a1n T\u00e2y g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i \u00e1ch v\u1eadn ngang tr\u00e1i, hai n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i ra ki\u1ec7n t\u1ee5ng n\u01a1i c\u1eeda c\u00f4ng. Ch\u00e1nh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nghe l\u1eddi tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u00ean, hai ch\u00f9a s\u1eafp ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ebf di\u1ec7t; m\u1ed7i n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c S\u01b0 g\u1edfi m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c th\u01b0, \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean xoay chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u1ea5y, ch\u00f9a Qu\u1ea3ng T\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp v\u1eefng v\u00e0ng th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u00e0ng th\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2n ch\u00e1nh, th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n y\u00ean t\u00e2m tu \u0111\u1ea1o. Ch\u00f9a T\u01b0 Ph\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng nh\u1edd \u0111\u1ea5y m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n, d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trung h\u01b0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c 24 (1935, S\u01b0 b\u1ea3y m\u01b0\u01a1i l\u0103m tu\u1ed5i)<\/em>, trong h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c, tr\u01b0\u1edfng ty gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c X\u2026 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb sung c\u00f4ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n nh\u00e0 ch\u00f9a trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n cho c\u01a1 quan gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c[8]<\/a>, bi\u1ebfn ch\u00f9a mi\u1ebfu trong to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c th\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc, l\u1eadp ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft, n\u1ed9p l\u00ean b\u1ed9 N\u1ed9i Ch\u00e1nh, vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 xin x\u00e9t duy\u1ec7t, \u0111\u0103ng t\u1ea3i tr\u00ean b\u00e1o ch\u00ed. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng, kinh s\u1ee3. Khi \u1ea5y, L\u00fd S\u1ef1 Tr\u01b0\u1edfng h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt Gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 Vi\u00ean Anh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c S\u01b0 gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c \u1ee6y Vi\u00ean X\u1eed L\u00fd Th\u01b0\u1eddng V\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea1i Bi, Minh \u0110\u1ea1o, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb c\u01b0 s\u0129 nh\u01b0 Quan [Qu\u00fdnh Chi], Ho\u00e0ng [H\u00e0m Chi], Khu\u1ea5t [V\u0103n L\u1ee5c] v.v\u2026 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn g\u00f5 c\u1eeda quan ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a S\u01b0 t\u1ea1i B\u00e1o Qu\u1ed1c xin \u00fd ki\u1ebfn. S\u01b0 khuy\u00ean h\u1ecd n\u00ean g\u1eafng s\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 b\u00e0y bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p. H\u1ecd tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i nh\u00f3m h\u1ecdp, c\u00f4ng khai \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u l\u00ean b\u1ed9 th\u1ec9nh nguy\u1ec7n. Nh\u1edd S\u01b0 s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn, gi\u00e1o n\u1ea1n gi\u1ea3i tr\u1eeb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e0i s\u1ea3n nh\u00e0 ch\u00f9a \u1edf Giang T\u00e2y t\u1eeb n\u0103m D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c 22 (1933) \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c 25 (1936, S\u01b0 b\u1ea3y m\u01b0\u01a1i s\u00e1u tu\u1ed5i)<\/em>, trong v\u00f2ng b\u1ed1n n\u0103m, ba l\u1ea7n b\u00e3o t\u00e1p d\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn lao, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 l\u00e2m v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf b\u1ecb di\u1ec7t s\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n g\u00ec! Tuy do \u0110\u1ee9c S\u00e2m nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m ki\u1ec7t l\u1ef1c k\u00eau g\u00e0o, h\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n l\u1eadp c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i tr\u1eeb, r\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb quang c\u1ee7a S\u01b0 gia b\u1ecb, c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed9 ph\u00e1p c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean lo toan, c\u1ee9u v\u00e3n khi\u1ebfn cho m\u1ed7i m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 m\u1ef9 m\u00e3n, gi\u1eef g\u00ecn an to\u00e0n. \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ec7n l\u1edbn lao d\u1ec5 th\u1ea5y, ch\u1ee9 c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ec7n v\u1eb7t v\u00e3nh kh\u00e1c th\u00ec qua m\u1ed9t l\u00e1 th\u01b0, ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea5y l\u1eddi [nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7], li\u1ec1n ti\u00eau tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ebfp n\u1ea1n, c\u1edfi g\u1ee1 m\u1ea7m h\u1ecda th\u00ec l\u00fac n\u00e0o, n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2u c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c! N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a S\u01b0 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00ean c\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1eddi r\u1ed3ng, d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, h\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf hay sao?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          L\u00f2ng v\u00f4 duy\u00ean t\u1eeb bi c\u1ee7a S\u01b0 th\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 t\u00f9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i. N\u0103m D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c 11-12 (1922-1923), nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi th\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a Tri S\u1ef1 huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u00f4ng H\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0o T\u1ea1i \u0110\u00f4ng ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a gi\u1ea3ng s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 giam tuy\u00ean gi\u1ea3ng, S\u01b0 b\u00e8n sai ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 Tr\u00ed \u0110\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi th\u1ec9nh. S\u01b0 d\u1ea1y h\u00e3y tuy\u00ean gi\u1ea3ng An S\u0129 To\u00e0n Th\u01b0 v.v\u2026 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u00fd ch\u1ec9 tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 b\u00e1o \u1ee9ng, ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n T\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ed9, nhi\u1ec1u t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3m h\u00f3a. \u0110\u1ebfn khi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb c\u01b0 s\u0129 V\u01b0\u01a1ng Nh\u1ea5t \u0110\u00ecnh, Tr\u1ea7m Tinh Th\u00fac v.v\u2026 \u1edf Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1 x\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Giang T\u00f4 Gi\u00e1m Ng\u1ee5c C\u1ea3m H\u00f3a H\u1ed9i (h\u1ed9i c\u1ea3m h\u00f3a t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n Giang T\u00f4) th\u1ec9nh S\u01b0 l\u00e0m h\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edfng danh d\u1ef1, gi\u1ea3ng s\u01b0 \u0110\u1eb7ng Ph\u00e1c Qu\u00e2n, Th\u00edch T\u1eafc Ch\u00e2u (\u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00ean ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y Minh \u0110\u1ea1o)<\/em>, Ki\u1ec1u Tu\u00e2n Nh\u01b0 v.v\u2026 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed quy y c\u1ee7a S\u01b0. Do \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c S\u01b0 d\u1ea1y, h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u l\u1ea5y \u201ct\u00e2m, Ph\u1eadt, ch\u00fang sanh, c\u1ea3 ba kh\u00f4ng sai bi\u1ec7t\u201d<\/em> v\u00e0 ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3, \u0111\u1ec1 x\u01b0\u1edbng T\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ed9 l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3ng di\u1ec5n. Cai t\u00f9, ph\u1ea1m nh\u00e2n nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 s\u1eeda l\u1ed7i h\u01b0\u1edbng thi\u1ec7n, nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00f2ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u00e1p, \u0103n chay ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i th\u00ec trong th\u00e1ng Hai n\u0103m D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c 19 (1930, S\u01b0 b\u1ea3y m\u01b0\u01a1i tu\u1ed5i)<\/em>, t\u1eeb ch\u00f9a Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh \u1edf Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i d\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ebfn B\u00e1o Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i T\u00f4 Ch\u00e2u, r\u1ec7p b\u00e1m theo ch\u0103n m\u00e0n, r\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ef1ng qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o, c\u1ef1c nhi\u1ec1u. Ch\u00fang sanh tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fac \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i t\u1eeb quan ph\u00f2ng, ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1ch, cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 v\u00e0 gh\u1ebf \u1edf b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i t\u1eeb H\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn Thu \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00e2u c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y r\u1ec7p b\u00f2 qua, b\u00f2 l\u1ea1i. C\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed ngh\u0129 S\u01b0 tu\u1ed5i gi\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng kham b\u1ecb ch\u00fang qu\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec5u, t\u1eebng nhi\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3t xin v\u00e0o quan ph\u00f2ng thay S\u01b0 b\u1eaft cho h\u1ebft, S\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ee9ng c\u1ecfi c\u1ef1 tuy\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn, l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i: \u201cChuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 tr\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c. B\u1eadc cao t\u0103ng th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 ch\u1eb3ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eadn r\u1ec7p qu\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec5u, b\u00e8n n\u00f3i: \u2018S\u00fac sanh! B\u1ecdn ng\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u1ea5y r\u1ed1i qu\u00e1, h\u00e3y d\u1ecdn \u0111i n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c\u2019, r\u1eadn r\u1ec7p li\u1ec1n k\u00e9o nhau b\u1ecf \u0111i. Ta nay tu tr\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ra g\u00ec, ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m \u1ee9ng \u1ea5y, c\u00f2n n\u00f3i chi n\u1eefa?<\/em>\u201d R\u1ed3i c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec1m nhi\u00ean \u1edf, tr\u1ecdn ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd t\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c 22 (1933, S\u01b0 b\u1ea3y m\u01b0\u01a1i ba tu\u1ed5i)<\/em>, r\u1ec7p t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean tuy\u1ec7t t\u00edch, S\u01b0 c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng b\u1ea3o v\u1edbi ai. \u0110\u1ebfn ti\u1ebft \u0110oan Ng\u1ecd g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, \u0110\u1ee9c S\u00e2m ch\u1ee3t nh\u1edb t\u1edbi, h\u1ecfi S\u01b0, S\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1p: \u201cKh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u1eefa!\u201d S\u00e2m cho r\u1eb1ng S\u01b0 tu\u1ed5i gi\u00e0 m\u1eaft hoa, v\u00ec th\u1ebf n\u1eb1ng n\u1eb7c xin v\u00e0o trong ph\u00f2ng ki\u1ec3m tra. Qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft s\u1ea1ch, tr\u1ecdn ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f2n tung t\u00edch g\u00ec n\u1eefa! \u0110\u1ea5y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ch\u00fang v\u00ec S\u01b0 m\u00e0 d\u1ecdn nh\u00e0 \u0111i r\u1ed3i!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong khi b\u1ebf quan, ngo\u00e0i c\u00f4ng kh\u00f3a T\u1ecbnh nghi\u1ec7p ra, S\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ec ch\u00fa \u0110\u1ea1i Bi gia tr\u00ec v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc hay g\u1ea1o, \u0111em ban cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh nguy ng\u1eadp th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 b\u00f3 tay li\u1ec1n th\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7u nghi\u1ec7m l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng. M\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u1ecd, t\u1ea1i l\u1ea7u T\u00e0ng Kinh ch\u00f9a B\u00e1o Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 m\u1ed1i, S\u01b0 \u1edf trong n\u00fai nghe ti\u1ebfng, ban n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ea1i Bi b\u1ea3o \u0111em r\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00ean. T\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5y, m\u1ed1i c\u0169ng tuy\u1ec7t t\u00edch. \u0110\u1ea5y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n trong m\u00f9a H\u1ea1 n\u0103m D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c 27 (1938), ph\u00e1p l\u1ef1c th\u1ea7n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a S\u01b0 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u1ec7n gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          S\u01b0 v\u1ed1n ch\u1eb3ng th\u00edch quy\u1ebfn thu\u1ed9c, v\u00ec th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed xu\u1ea5t gia th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9. Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00e1t ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng, th\u00e2n c\u1eadn, nhi\u1ec1u phen \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e2ng nh\u1eadn gi\u00e1o hu\u1ea5n, th\u1ea5m g\u1ed9i ph\u00e1p \u00edch s\u00e2u \u0111\u1eadm th\u00ec hai ch\u00fang t\u1ea1i gia ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 xi\u1ebft, t\u0103ng l\u1eef xu\u1ea5t gia tr\u1eeb l\u00e3o ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 \u0110\u1ebf Nh\u00e0n l\u00e0 li\u00ean h\u1eefu th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t ra, nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c S\u01b0 nhi\u1ebfp th\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e2u, nu\u00f4i n\u1ea5ng b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u0169, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c S\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3i nh\u01b0 li\u00ean h\u1eefu th\u00ec c\u00f3 h\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Li\u1ec5u D\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t, hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi c\u00f2n hai v\u1ecb h\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Li\u1ec5u Thanh v\u00e0 Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1t. \u0110\u00edch th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp v\u00e0o h\u00e0ng h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2, \u0111\u00e3 qua \u0111\u1eddi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y Vi\u00ean Quang, Khang Tr\u1ea1ch, Hu\u1ec7 C\u1eadn, Minh \u0110\u1ea1o, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u1eabn c\u00f2n th\u00ec c\u00f3 hai v\u1ecb h\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Di\u1ec7u Li\u00ean, T\u00e2m T\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 hai th\u1ea7y Li\u00ean Nh\u00e2n, Minh T\u00e2y, Di\u1ec7u Ch\u00e2n, Li\u1ec5u Nhi\u00ean, \u0110\u1ee9c S\u00e2m v.v\u2026 c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c s\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i hai ch\u00f9a Linh Nham v\u00e0 B\u00e1o Qu\u1ed1c. \u0110\u1ea5y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e2n c\u1eadn S\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e2u, ch\u1ee9 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c S\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y, n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 nhi\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3t, g\u1ed9i \u00e2n, \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ee9c c\u00f2n h\u01a1n \u00e2n s\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9, ho\u1eb7c t\u00f9y duy\u00ean th\u01b0a h\u1ecfi, g\u1edfi th\u01b0 h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 g\u1ed9i \u00e2n tr\u1ea1ch do \u0111\u1ecdc V\u0103n Sao c\u1ee7a S\u01b0 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch do S\u01b0 l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng th\u00ec c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o k\u1ec3 xi\u1ebft!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u01b0 tuy kh\u00f4ng th\u00e2u nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec7, nh\u01b0ng \u0111a s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng Ph\u1eadt t\u1eed ch\u00e2n ch\u00e1nh trong ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u t\u00f4n S\u01b0 l\u00e0m th\u1ea7y. S\u01b0 l\u1ea1i t\u1eebng th\u1ec1 ch\u1eb3ng l\u00e0m Tr\u1ee5 Tr\u00ec ch\u00f9a mi\u1ebfu, t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m kh\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p V\u0169, hai m\u01b0\u01a1i m\u1ea5y n\u0103m, gi\u1ea5u k\u00edn tung t\u00edch, tu t\u1eadp chuy\u00ean r\u00f2ng, r\u1ea5t \u00edt qua l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. T\u1eeb n\u0103m D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y (1918), in An S\u0129 To\u00e0n Th\u01b0 tr\u1edf \u0111i, nhi\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3t do c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5t H\u1ed7, kh\u1ed5 n\u1ed7i thi\u1ebfu ch\u1ed7 y\u00ean c\u01b0. N\u0103m D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c 11 (1922), khi Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1t tu b\u1ed5 ch\u00f9a Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp ri\u00eang m\u1ed9t gian t\u1ecbnh th\u1ea5t cho S\u01b0. T\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5y m\u1ed7i khi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5t H\u1ed7, S\u01b0 lu\u00f4n c\u1eafm t\u00edch tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1i Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh. C\u00e1c v\u1ecb qu\u00e2n t\u1eed t\u1eadn l\u1ef1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ph\u00e1p m\u00f4n nh\u01b0 Ng\u1ee5y Mai T\u00f4n \u1edf Nam Kinh, V\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ea4u N\u00f4ng \u1edf T\u00e2y An, V\u01b0\u01a1ng Hu\u1ec7 Th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf Duy D\u01b0\u01a1ng, H\u1ee9a Ch\u1ec9 T\u1ecbnh \u1edf Giang T\u00e2y, Ph\u1ea1m C\u1ed5 N\u00f4ng \u1edf Gia H\u01b0ng, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb c\u01b0 s\u0129 Ph\u00f9ng M\u1ed9ng Hoa, Th\u00ed T\u1ec9nh Chi, V\u01b0\u01a1ng Nh\u1ea5t \u0110\u00ecnh, V\u0103n Lan \u0110\u00ecnh, Ch\u00e2u T\u1eed Ki\u1ec1u, Khu\u1ea5t V\u0103n L\u1ee5c, Ho\u00e0ng H\u00e0m Chi, Quan Qu\u00fdnh Chi v.v\u2026 t\u1ea1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i ho\u1eb7c do chuy\u1ec7n ri\u00eang m\u00e0 h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ea1o, ho\u1eb7c v\u00ec l\u00e0m chuy\u1ec7n t\u1eeb thi\u1ec7n trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0a h\u1ecfi c\u0169ng c\u00f3 l\u00fac \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh, xin S\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y. C\u00f2n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c n\u01a1i g\u1edfi th\u01b0 c\u00e0ng kh\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 xi\u1ebft. Danh ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh Lan Nh\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lan truy\u1ec1n kh\u1eafp xa g\u1ea7n, c\u0169ng do S\u01b0 m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea1ng r\u1ee1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c 17 (1928, S\u01b0 s\u00e1u m\u01b0\u01a1i t\u00e1m tu\u1ed5i)<\/em>, nh\u00e2n ch\u00e1n ng\u00e1n giao th\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n, th\u01b0 t\u1eeb qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u, c\u00f4ng chuy\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 b\u1eadn b\u1ecbu, S\u01b0 g\u1ea5p mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm ch\u1ed7 quy \u1ea9n. Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1t b\u00e8n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i c\u01b0 s\u0129 Quan Qu\u00fdnh Chi, Tr\u1ea7m Tinh Th\u00fac, Tri\u1ec7u V\u00e2n Thi\u1ec1u b\u00e0n b\u1ea1c. Ba v\u1ecb c\u01b0 s\u0129 li\u1ec1n d\u00e2ng ch\u00f9a B\u00e1o Qu\u1ed1c \u1edf T\u00f4 Ch\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00fang d\u01b0\u1eddng, li\u1ec1n sai hai v\u1ecb Ho\u1eb1ng T\u00e1n v\u00e0 Minh \u0110\u1ea1o sang \u0111\u1ea5y ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1t d\u00f9ng m\u1ea5y ng\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u00f9ng tu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ec th\u1ebf, n\u0103m D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c 18 (1929), S\u01b0 r\u1eddi n\u00fai [Ph\u1ed5 \u0110\u00e0] qua Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i, gi\u1ea3o duy\u1ec7t \u1ea5n h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch, g\u1ea5p mong k\u1ebft th\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 quy \u1ea9n. Khi \u1ea5y, c\u00f3 m\u1ea5y v\u1ecb c\u01b0 s\u0129 \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 Ho\u00e0ng Ti\u1ec3u V\u1ef9 v.v\u2026 t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng tinh x\u00e1, quy\u1ebft mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u00f3n S\u01b0 sang H\u01b0\u01a1ng C\u1ea3ng, S\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi qua \u0111\u1ea5y. Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1t do th\u1ea5y mi\u1ec1n Giang – Chi\u1ebft l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t Ph\u1eadt t\u00edn ch\u00fang r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4ng, m\u1ed9t m\u1ef1c ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i. R\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c do c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p duy\u00ean, th\u00e1ng Hai n\u0103m D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c 19 (1930, S\u01b0 b\u1ea3y m\u01b0\u01a1i tu\u1ed5i)<\/em>, S\u01b0 sang T\u00f4 Ch\u00e2u, li\u1ec1n b\u1ebf quan ngay t\u1ea1i B\u00e1o Qu\u1ed1c. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea5y t\u1ea1i Linh Nham \u1edf M\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ed9c, Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1t \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ec9nh \u00fd S\u01b0, l\u1eadp ra \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u00e0ng th\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng chuy\u00ean tu T\u1ecbnh nghi\u1ec7p, h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y quy \u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e2ng theo ch\u00ed h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a S\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ba b\u1ed1n n\u0103m qua, do nh\u00e0 c\u0169 ch\u1eadt h\u1eb9p, ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u1ed7 ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang, \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng vi\u1ec7n, ph\u00f2ng, lo li\u1ec7u tu b\u1ed5. G\u1eb7p \u0111\u00fang d\u1ecbp S\u01b0 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5t T\u00f4, r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n Linh Nham, x\u1ebfp \u0111\u1eb7t trong ngo\u00e0i, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u duy\u00ean g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 S\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 xin \u00fd ki\u1ebfn, v\u00e2ng theo l\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 d\u1ea1y. Ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ch\u1ea5n h\u01b0ng, Linh Nham cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u00e0ng th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a T\u1ecbnh t\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ta h\u00e1 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean \u01b0?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong khi b\u1ebf quan, v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng khi r\u1ea3nh r\u1ed7i ngo\u00e0i l\u00fac t\u1ee5ng ni\u1ec7m c\u00f4ng kh\u00f3a ra, S\u01b0 tu ch\u1ec9nh ho\u00e0n b\u1ecb c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 S\u01a1n Ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ed5 \u0110\u00e0, Thanh L\u01b0\u01a1ng, Nga Mi, C\u1eedu Hoa v.v\u2026 v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi th\u01b0 t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed, h\u1ecdc nh\u00e2n v\u1ea5n ph\u00e1p. Nay b\u1ed1n b\u1ed9 S\u01a1n Ch\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 s\u1edbm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng, c\u00e1c th\u01b0 t\u1eeb ph\u00fac \u0111\u00e1p c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 V\u0103n Sao T\u1ee5c Bi\u00ean \u1ea5n h\u00e0nh, \u0111a ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u00e1 th\u01b0 sau khi S\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn T\u00f4 Ch\u00e2u ban ra. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 h\u1eb1ng thu\u1eadn ch\u00fang sanh ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ec1 nh\u1ecdc m\u1ec7t v\u1eady!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ebfn m\u00f9a \u0110\u00f4ng n\u0103m D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c 26 (1937, S\u01b0 b\u1ea3y m\u01b0\u01a1i b\u1ea3y tu\u1ed5i)<\/em>, do th\u1eddi cu\u1ed9c b\u1ee9c b\u00e1ch, do t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i n\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh T\u00f4 Ch\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa, b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eafc d\u0129, thu\u1eadn theo l\u1eddi th\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdn Di\u1ec7u Ch\u00e2n v.v\u2026 S\u01b0 d\u1eddi t\u00edch tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng sang Linh Nham, an c\u01b0 m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ecdn ba n\u0103m, n\u00e0o ng\u1edd ng\u00f4i ch\u00f9a n\u01a1i Tr\u00ed T\u00edch B\u1ed3 T\u00e1t hi\u1ec3n th\u00e1nh l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u1ed7 th\u1ea7y b\u1ecdn ta th\u1ecb t\u1ecbch quy ch\u00e2n?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          S\u01b0 th\u1ecb t\u1ecbch bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00fac m\u1ea5t. M\u00f9a Xu\u00e2n n\u0103m D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c 29 (1940), trong th\u01b0 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u01b0 s\u0129 Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Duy\u00ean T\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 vi\u1ebft: \u201cNay \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1m m\u01b0\u01a1i, s\u00e1ng ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i\u201d<\/em>. L\u1ea1i n\u00f3i: \u201cQuang l\u00e0 k\u1ebb s\u1eafp ch\u1ebft, \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i quy c\u1ee7 \u1ea5y?\u201d<\/em> \u0110\u1ebfn m\u00f9a \u0110\u00f4ng, nh\u1eb1m ng\u00e0y Hai M\u01b0\u01a1i B\u1ea3y th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi, S\u01b0 th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n b\u1ec7nh nh\u1eb9, \u0111\u1ebfn M\u1ed9t gi\u1edd chi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y Hai M\u01b0\u01a1i T\u00e1m, li\u1ec1n tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c s\u1ef1 trong n\u00fai v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01b0 s\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn quan ph\u00f2ng h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e0m, b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang r\u1eb1ng: \u201cCh\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 Tr\u1ee5 Tr\u00ec Linh Nham kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf tr\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, li\u1ec1n sai Di\u1ec7u Ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m\u201d<\/em>. \u0110\u1ea1i ch\u00fang t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed3ng, b\u00e8n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng Ch\u00edn th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 k\u1ef3 h\u1ea1n nh\u1eadm ch\u1ee9c, S\u01b0 b\u1ea3o \u201ctr\u1ec5 qu\u00e1!\u201d li\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng B\u1ed1n, v\u1eabn n\u00f3i \u201cTr\u1ec5 r\u1ed3i!\u201d Sau \u0111\u1ea5y ch\u1ecdn ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng M\u1ed9t, S\u01b0 g\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00f3i: \u201c\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea5y!\u201d, li\u1ec1n khai th\u1ecb cho \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ed5n t\u1ef1 h\u01a1n hai ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3. V\u1ec1 sau, tuy tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 suy d\u1ea7n, v\u1eabn an nhi\u00ean c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ecb nh\u01b0 Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1t v.v\u2026 b\u00e0n b\u1ea1c m\u1ecdi chuy\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1m nhi\u00ean, th\u01b0 th\u00e1i nh\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 d\u00e1ng v\u1ebb b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt g\u00ec.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ed1i ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng Ba, S\u01b0 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ch\u00e9n ch\u00e1o lo\u00e3ng. \u0102n xong, S\u01b0 b\u1ea3o b\u1ecdn Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1t: \u201cPh\u00e1p m\u00f4n T\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ed9 tr\u1ecdn ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t chi kh\u00e1c, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ed1t sao kh\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft ch\u00ed th\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng ai ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u1eadt ti\u1ebfp d\u1eabn, \u0111\u1edbi nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e3ng sanh\u201d.<\/em> Sau \u0111\u1ea5y, S\u01b0 t\u1ecf v\u1ebb m\u1ec7t nh\u1ecdc, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng. M\u1ed9t gi\u1edd r\u01b0\u1ee1i s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng B\u1ed1n, S\u01b0 t\u1eeb gi\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u1ed3i d\u1eady n\u00f3i: \u201cNi\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt th\u1ea5y Ph\u1eadt, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh sanh T\u00e2y\u201d.<\/em> N\u00f3i xong li\u1ec1n l\u1edbn ti\u1ebfng ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt. Hai gi\u1edd m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u0103m ph\u00fat, b\u1ea3o \u0111em n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1eeda tay xong, \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u1eady n\u00f3i: \u201c\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c A Di \u0110\u00e0 Ph\u1eadt ti\u1ebfp d\u1eabn, ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111i r\u1ed3i. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt, ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t nguy\u1ec7n, ph\u1ea3i sanh T\u00e2y Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d.<\/em> N\u00f3i xong, li\u1ec1n chuy\u1ec3n sang ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean gh\u1ebf, m\u1eb7t h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 T\u00e2y, th\u00e2n ng\u1ed3i ngay ng\u1eafn. H\u01a1n ba gi\u1edd, th\u1ea7y Di\u1ec7u Ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c S\u01b0 d\u1eb7n d\u00f2: \u201cNg\u01b0\u01a1i ph\u1ea3i duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u00e0ng, ho\u1eb1ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ed9, \u0111\u1eebng h\u1ecdc th\u00f3i k\u1ebb c\u1ea3\u201d<\/em>, r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i g\u00ec n\u1eefa, m\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea5p m\u00e1y ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n n\u0103m gi\u1edd, trong ti\u1ebfng ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang, S\u01b0 an t\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 T\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u1ef1a theo s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c trong m\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y \u1ea5y, h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y s\u1ef1 x\u1ebfp \u0111\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 g\u1ea5p r\u00fat c\u1eed Di\u1ec7u Ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c Tr\u1ee5 Tr\u00ec v.v\u2026 tuy ch\u1eb3ng n\u00f3i r\u00f5 nguy\u00ean do, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n l\u00e3nh \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00fac m\u1ea5t. Th\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y b\u1ec7nh kh\u1ed5, \u00e1ch n\u1ea1n, t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y tham luy\u1ebfn, m\u00ea ho\u1eb7c, c\u00e1c c\u0103n vui v\u1ebb, th\u01b0 th\u00e1i, ch\u00e1nh ni\u1ec7m ph\u00e2n minh, x\u1ea3 b\u00e1o an t\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eadp Thi\u1ec1n \u0110\u1ecbnh. X\u00e9t ra, S\u01b0 su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi t\u1ef1 h\u00e0nh, d\u1ea1y ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0nh l\u00fac l\u00e2m chung, ph\u1ea9m sen v\u00e3ng sanh quy\u1ebft ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 Trung, H\u1ea1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u01b0 sanh v\u00e0o gi\u1edd Th\u00ecn ng\u00e0y M\u01b0\u1eddi Hai th\u00e1ng Ch\u1ea1p n\u0103m H\u00e0m Phong 11 (1861), t\u1ee9c n\u0103m T\u00e2n D\u1eadu, t\u1ecbch v\u00e0o gi\u1edd M\u00e3o ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng B\u1ed1n th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ed9t n\u0103m Canh Th\u00ecn, t\u1ee9c n\u0103m D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c 29 (1940), th\u1ecd t\u00e1m m\u01b0\u01a1i tu\u1ed5i, T\u0103ng l\u1ea1p s\u00e1u m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m. Linh Nham nh\u1edd S\u01b0 m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trung h\u01b0ng, l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c S\u01b0 th\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu sanh T\u00e2y, th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft nh\u00e2n duy\u00ean, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ec7n ch\u1eb3ng th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 b\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c! Do v\u1eady, cung k\u00ednh ch\u1ecdn trong n\u0103m sau, t\u1ee9c n\u0103m T\u00e2n T\u1ef5, nh\u1eb1m ng\u00e0y R\u1eb1m th\u00e1ng Hai, \u0111\u00fang ng\u00e0y Ph\u1eadt nh\u1eadp Ni\u1ebft B\u00e0n, \u0111\u00fang d\u1ecbp S\u01b0 v\u1ec1 T\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t tr\u0103m ng\u00e0y, li\u1ec1n n\u1ed5i l\u1eeda tr\u00e0-t\u1ef3[9]<\/a>, k\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0a linh c\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 l\u1eadp th\u00e1p th\u1edd t\u1ea1i v\u00e1ch \u0110\u00f4ng Nam c\u1ee7a r\u1eb7ng Th\u1ea1ch C\u1ed5 trong n\u00fai n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 S\u01b0 l\u00e1 r\u1ee5ng v\u1ec1 c\u1ed9i, ng\u1ed9 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, b\u1ecdn ph\u00e0m phu s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea5t ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 Tha T\u00e2m \u0110\u1ea1o Nh\u00e3n kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn x\u1eb1ng b\u1eady! Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1ed9 V\u0103n Sao c\u1ee7a S\u01b0 m\u1ea5y l\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ea5n h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 T\u1ee5c Bi\u00ean m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in trong n\u0103m nay v\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch do S\u01b0 \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ea1nh ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt \u201c\u0111\u1ec1 x\u01b0\u1edbng ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt, ph\u00e1t huy nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 nhi\u1ec7m m\u1ea7u trong l\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1o, t\u1ef1 h\u00e0nh, d\u1ea1y ng\u01b0\u1eddi, chuy\u00ean d\u1ed1c thi\u1ebft tha tu tr\u00ec\u201d \u0111\u1ee7 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf S\u01b0 l\u00e0 b\u1eadc th\u1eeba nguy\u1ec7n t\u00e1i lai kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ng\u1edd chi n\u1eefa. Ph\u00e0m ai t\u00edn nguy\u1ec7n ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt, th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u t\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00edch x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a T\u1ecbnh t\u00f4ng, s\u1ebd ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0n b\u1ea1c, nghi ng\u1edd chi c\u1ea3! B\u1ecdn Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1t[10]<\/a> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo h\u1ea7u S\u01b0 l\u00e2u nh\u1ea5t, bi\u1ebft kh\u00e1 c\u1eb7n k\u1ebd, nay l\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea1i kh\u00e1i h\u1ea1nh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a S\u01b0, ghi th\u00e0nh b\u00e0i k\u00fd. M\u1ed3ng T\u00e1m th\u00e1ng Ch\u1ea1p n\u0103m Canh Th\u00ecn, Trung Hoa D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c n\u0103m 29 (1940), Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1t, Di\u1ec7u Ch\u00e2n, Li\u1ec5u Nhi\u00ean, \u0110\u1ee9c S\u00e2m v.v\u2026 \u0111\u1ea3nh l\u1ec5 k\u00ednh thu\u1eadt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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[1]<\/a> T\u1ed5 \u1ea4n Quang c\u00f3 ph\u00e1p danh l\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh L\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ph\u00e1p t\u1ef1 l\u00e0 \u1ea4n Quang (ph\u00e1p t\u1ef1 l\u00e0 t\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t khi th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi Sa Di). Khi th\u1ecd gi\u1edbi C\u1ee5 T\u00fac l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean n\u1eefa l\u00e0 ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u. Tuy th\u1ebf, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng s\u01a1n m\u00f4n, khi gi\u1edbi t\u1eed th\u1ecd C\u1ee5 T\u00fac Gi\u1edbi, v\u1ecb b\u1ed5n s\u01b0 (hay \u0110\u00e0n \u0110\u1ea7u H\u00f2a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng) kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng ph\u00e1p danh, kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng t\u1edbi ph\u00e1p t\u1ef1 hay ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00e2m T\u1ebf T\u00f4ng \u1edf Trung Hoa chia ra r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u chi ph\u00e1i nh\u1ecf (\u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 chung danh x\u01b0ng l\u00e0 L\u00e2m T\u1ebf Ch\u00e1nh T\u00f4ng). Sau th\u1eddi ng\u00e0i V\u1ea1n Phong Th\u1eddi \u1ee6y v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1o M\u00e2n, ch\u01b0 thi\u1ec1n s\u01b0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u1eadp ra nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng k\u1ec7 truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba kh\u00e1c nhau. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, ng\u00e0i Ng\u1ecdc L\u00e2m Th\u00f4ng T\u00fa (qu\u1ed1c s\u01b0 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi vua Thu\u1eadn Tr\u1ecb – Khang Hy) c\u0169ng l\u1eadp ra m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i k\u1ec7 ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1eeba nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cPh\u00e1p ho\u1eb1ng t\u1ebf t\u1ed5, ch\u00e2n t\u00f4ng thi\u1ec7u t\u1ee5c, v\u0129nh truy\u1ec1n anh tu\u1ea5n, t\u1ecbnh minh ph\u1ea1m h\u1ea1nh, nham tr\u00ec tuy\u00ean c\u1ed5, gia m\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u0103n\u201d<\/em> (\u6cd5\u5b8f\u6fdf\u7956,\u771f\u5b97\u7d39\u7e8c,\u6c38\u50b3\u82f1\u4fca,\u6de8\u660e\u68b5\u884c, \u5dd6\u6301\u5ba3\u53e4,\u5609\u8b28\u5927\u6839). \u0110i\u1ec3m qua nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1i k\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4ng L\u00e2m T\u1ebf Trung Hoa hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 tr\u00ean ph\u00e1p danh Th\u00e1nh L\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 \u1ea4n Quang, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i m\u1ea1o mu\u1ed9i \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y truy\u1ec1n gi\u1edbi cho t\u1ed5 \u1ea4n Quang thu\u1ed9c chi ph\u00e1i Long Tr\u00ec c\u1ee7a t\u00f4ng L\u00e2m T\u1ebf (trong V\u0103n Sao T\u1ee5c Bi\u00ean, T\u1ed5 ch\u1ec9 cho bi\u1ebft v\u1ecb th\u1ea7y truy\u1ec1n gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh thu\u1ed9c L\u00e2m T\u1ebf Ch\u00e1nh T\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i r\u00f5 ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u, ph\u00e1p t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a B\u1ed5n S\u01b0). B\u00e0i k\u1ec7 truy\u1ec1n ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1i c\u1ee7a L\u00e2m T\u1ebf Ch\u00e1nh T\u00f4ng, h\u1ec7 ph\u00e1i Long Tr\u00ec (\u9f8d\u6c60) nh\u01b0 sau: \u201cGi\u00e1c t\u00e1nh b\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ecbch, t\u00e2m duy ph\u00e1p gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng, nh\u01b0 duy\u00ean ho\u1eb1ng th\u00e1nh<\/strong> gi\u00e1o, ch\u00e1nh ph\u00e1p v\u0129nh x\u01b0\u01a1ng long\u201d<\/em> (\u89ba\u6027\u672c\u5e38\u5bc2,\u5fc3\u60df\u6cd5\u754c\u540c,\u5982\u7de3\u5b8f\u8056\u6559,\u6b63\u6cd5\u6c38\u660c\u9686). C\u0169ng xin n\u00f3i th\u00eam, trong nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 \u1ea4n Quang \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean Internet, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y bi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u Th\u01b0\u1eddng T\u00e0m Qu\u00fd (\u5e38\u615a\u6127: th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ed5 th\u1eb9n) ho\u1eb7c g\u1ecdn h\u01a1n l\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1eddng T\u00e0m (\u5e38\u615a) c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 \u1ea4n Quang kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u do v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh hay c\u1ed1 \u00fd th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb s\u1eeda th\u00e0nh Th\u01b0\u1eddng T\u00e2m. S\u1eeda nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00e3 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t \u00fd khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n l\u1edbn lao c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 khi ch\u1ecdn bi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u \u1ea5y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2]<\/a> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00f4i t\u00f9ng l\u00e2m l\u1edbn:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Kh\u00e1ch \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng: Nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb T\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3n kh\u00e1ch (Tri Kh\u00e1ch) \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e3ng c\u1ea3nh ch\u00f9a, tr\u00ecnh b\u00e1o Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng khi c\u00f3 kh\u00e1ch mu\u1ed1n g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1, tr\u00ecnh b\u00e1o v\u1edbi v\u1ecb Li\u00eau Nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp n\u01a1i \u0103n ch\u1ed1n \u1edf cho kh\u00e1ch th\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng hay kh\u00e1ch T\u0103ng mu\u1ed1n \u1edf l\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c Kh\u00e1ch \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y, S\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m tr\u00f4ng coi vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3n, s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed7 \u0103n \u1edf cho nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb kh\u00e1ch quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. H\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u0103ng: V\u1ecb S\u01b0 tr\u00f4ng coi nhang \u0111\u00e8n trong Ph\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec7n, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch n\u1ebfu kh\u00e1ch th\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 th\u1eafc m\u1eafc, th\u1ec9nh chu\u00f4ng khi kh\u00e1ch v\u00e3n c\u1ea3nh ch\u00f9a l\u00ean l\u1ec5 Ph\u1eadt, b\u00e0y bi\u1ec7n, ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn l\u1ec5 v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch d\u00e2ng c\u00fang l\u00ean b\u00e0n th\u1edd, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1eef cho b\u00e0n Ph\u1eadt lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd tinh khi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Li\u00eau Nguy\u00ean: Ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m qu\u1ea3n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c li\u00eau x\u00e1 trong m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i t\u00f9ng l\u00e2m, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c danh x\u01b0ng T\u1ecda Nguy\u00ean, T\u00f2a Nguy\u00ean, Li\u00eau Th\u1ee7 T\u00f2a, hay \u0110\u1ec7 Nh\u1ea5t T\u1ecda. Ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m coi s\u00f3c nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m v\u1eadt trong T\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng nh\u01b0 kinh s\u00e1ch, tr\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u1ee7i than, cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng cho t\u0103ng ch\u00fang, ch\u1ec9 huy nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n qu\u00e9t t\u01b0\u1edbc, d\u1ecdn d\u1eb9p cho li\u00eau ph\u00f2ng s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd. V\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u00f2n c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00e2n x\u1eed, d\u00e0n x\u1ebfp n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 tranh ch\u1ea5p x\u1ea3y ra gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c li\u00eau ph\u00f2ng, nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf nh\u1eefng quy \u01b0\u1edbc trong t\u00f9ng l\u00e2m hay r\u0103n \u0111e nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb vi ph\u1ea1m quy \u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng tr\u1ee5 trong t\u00f9ng l\u00e2m. Hi\u1ec7n th\u1eddi, Li\u00eau Nguy\u00ean c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i ki\u00eam th\u00eam tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m qu\u1ea3n th\u1ee7 V\u00e2n Th\u1ee7y \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng (t\u0103ng ph\u00f2ng d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb th\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ch).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3]<\/a> Nguy\u00ean v\u0103n \u201ct\u1ee9c \u01b0 Ch\u00e2u B\u1ea3o \u0111i\u1ec7n tr\u1eafc b\u1ebf quan, l\u01b0\u1ee1ng k\u1ef3 l\u1ee5c t\u1ea3i\u201d<\/em> (li\u1ec1n b\u1ebf quan c\u1ea1nh \u0111i\u1ec7n Ch\u00e2u B\u1ea3o, hai k\u1ef3 s\u00e1u n\u0103m). Do c\u00e2u v\u0103n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y d\u1ec5 g\u00e2y hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m S\u01b0 b\u1ebf quan hai k\u1ef3, m\u1ed7i k\u1ef3 s\u00e1u n\u0103m, n\u00ean ch\u00fang t\u00f4i xin m\u1ea1n ph\u00e9p n\u00f3i th\u00eam: Trong \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 cho bi\u1ebft n\u0103m Quang T\u1ef1 17 (1891), S\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ba m\u01b0\u01a1i m\u1ed1t tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 c\u00f2n tr\u1ee5 t\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a Vi\u00ean Qu\u1ea3ng \u1edf B\u1eafc Kinh. Hai n\u0103m sau (1893, t\u1ee9c n\u0103m Quang T\u1ef1 19), S\u01b0 ba m\u01b0\u01a1i ba tu\u1ed5i, gi\u00fap h\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u00f3a V\u0103n ki\u1ec3m gi\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng Kinh r\u1ed3i theo v\u1ec1 Ph\u1ed5 \u0110\u00e0 trong n\u0103m \u1ea5y. B\u1ed1n n\u0103m sau, t\u1ee9c n\u0103m Quang T\u1ef1 23 (1897), \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang th\u1ec9nh S\u01b0 gi\u1ea3ng kinh. S\u01b0 gi\u1ea3ng xong li\u1ec1n b\u1ebf quan. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f3, b\u00e0i v\u0103n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y cho bi\u1ebft S\u01b0 xu\u1ea5t quan, qua \u1edf Li\u00ean B\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian, r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Ph\u00e1p V\u0169 \u0111\u1ec3 theo ph\u00e1p s\u01b0 \u0110\u1ebf Nh\u00e0n l\u00ean B\u1eafc Kinh th\u1ec9nh \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1ea1ng n\u0103m S\u01b0 b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i b\u1ed1n tu\u1ed5i (n\u0103m Quang T\u1ef1 30, t\u1ee9c n\u0103m 1904). T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1897 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1904 l\u00e0 7 n\u0103m, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0 b\u1ebf quan sau khi gi\u1ea3ng kinh ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 s\u00e1u n\u0103m. N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, c\u00e2u \u201cl\u01b0\u1ee1ng k\u1ef3 l\u1ee5c t\u1ea3i\u201d <\/em>ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a S\u01b0 b\u1ebf quan t\u1ea1i Ph\u1ed5 \u0110\u00e0 hai l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 s\u00e1u n\u0103m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4]<\/a> Nguy\u00ean v\u0103n \u2018ch\u1ec9 qu\u00fd L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng\u2019<\/em> (gi\u1ea5y \u0111\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecf t\u1ea1i L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng); \u0111\u00e2y v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef ch\u1ec9 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng hay \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ua nhau s\u01b0u t\u1eadp, sao ch\u00e9p, s\u0103n \u0111\u00f3n. Nguy\u00ean \u1ee7y c\u1ee7a th\u00e0nh ng\u1eef n\u00e0y l\u00e0 do trong \u0111\u1eddi T\u1ea5n, T\u1ea3 T\u01b0 vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i Tam \u0110\u00f4 Ph\u00fa r\u1ea5t hay, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 t\u1ea1i kinh \u0111\u00f4 L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111ua nhau cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi sao ch\u00e9p \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 gi\u1ea5y \u1edf L\u1ea1c D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1eaft v\u1ecdt h\u1eb3n l\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5]<\/a> Bi\u1ec7n Dung h\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00e3o trong T\u00f4ng m\u00f4n th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i s\u01b0 Li\u00ean Tr\u00ec m\u1edbi h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o. Nghe danh, ng\u00e0i Li\u00ean Tr\u00ec li\u1ec1n l\u1eb7n l\u1ed9i t\u1edbi xin tham y\u1ebft. Khi t\u1edbi ch\u00e2n n\u00fai, S\u01b0 \u0111i b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1ed1i, l\u1ebft t\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f2a c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i Bi\u1ec7n Dung, t\u1ecf \u00fd cung k\u00ednh t\u1ed9t b\u1eadc. Ng\u00e0i Bi\u1ec7n Dung d\u1ea1y: \u201c\u00d4ng h\u00e3y n\u00ean gi\u1eef b\u1ed5n ph\u1eadn, \u0111\u1eebng tham danh c\u1ea7u l\u1ee3i, \u0111\u1eebng vin n\u1eafm, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u00e2n qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n minh, nh\u1ea5t t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m Ph\u1eadt\u201d.<\/em> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng xung quanh ph\u00ec c\u01b0\u1eddi, cho l\u00e0 ng\u00e0i Li\u00ean Tr\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1n c\u00f4ng cung k\u00ednh v\u00f4 \u00edch ; nh\u01b0ng ng\u00e0i Li\u00ean Tr\u00ec tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea3m t\u1ea1 s\u00e2u \u0111\u1eadm, th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u00e0i Bi\u1ec7n Dung ban l\u1eddi khai th\u1ecb \u1ea5y, S\u01b0 d\u00f9ng c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng h\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6]<\/a> Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea5y, \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Ph\u00f9ng Ng\u1ecdc T\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1nh quy\u1ec1n B\u1eafc D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u01b0\u1ee3n c\u1edb \u0111\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea3o m\u00ea t\u00edn \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111o\u1ea1t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00e1c ch\u00f9a B\u1ea1ch M\u00e3, Thi\u1ebfu L\u00e2m, T\u01b0\u1edbng Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 Nam, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tr\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t t\u0103ng ni, b\u1eaft h\u1ecd ho\u00e0n t\u1ee5c. B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng N\u1ed9i Ch\u00e1nh B\u1ed9 (t\u1ee9c b\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ed9 N\u1ed9i V\u1ee5) th\u1eddi \u1ea5y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Ti\u1ebft \u0110\u1ed1c B\u1eadt, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh Qu\u1ea3n L\u00fd Ch\u00f9a Mi\u1ebfu g\u1ed3m 21 \u0111i\u1ec1u, dung d\u01b0\u1ee1ng cho c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ecdn tay ch\u00e2n th\u1eeba c\u01a1 m\u01b0\u1ee3n danh bi\u1ebfn ch\u00f9a mi\u1ebfu th\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 c\u01b0\u1edbp \u0111o\u1ea1t ch\u00f9a mi\u1ebfu \u1edf r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng Giang T\u00f4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ti\u1ebft \u0110\u1ed1c B\u1eadt (1889-9173), ng\u01b0\u1eddi huy\u1ec7n Gi\u1ea3i, t\u1ec9nh S\u01a1n T\u00e2y, t\u1eebng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean c\u1ed1t c\u00e1n c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c D\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea3ng, tho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0m Th\u1ee9 Tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 T\u01b0 Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1nh quy\u1ec1n B\u1eafc D\u01b0\u01a1ng, r\u1ed3i t\u1ec9nh tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ec9nh Cam T\u00fac, b\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng D\u00e2n Ch\u00e1nh, r\u1ed3i l\u00e0m b\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng N\u1ed9i Ch\u00e1nh. Do v\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfm \u0111o\u1ea1t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n ch\u00f9a mi\u1ebfu g\u00e2y n\u00ean c\u00f4ng ph\u1eabn l\u1edbn lao trong gi\u1edbi T\u0103ng t\u1ee5c, ch\u00e1nh ph\u1ee7 B\u1eafc D\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Ph\u00f9ng Ng\u1ecdc T\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00f4ng ta sang l\u00e0m b\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ed9 Th\u1ee7y L\u1ee3i. N\u0103m 1948, \u00f4ng t\u1eeb b\u1ecf ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 \u0111i l\u00e0m lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 t\u1ea1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i. Kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1955, \u00f4ng ta l\u1ea1i t\u00e1i xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0m Ph\u00f3 Ch\u00e1nh \u1ee6y th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi Mao Tr\u1ea1ch \u0110\u00f4ng, r\u1ed3i leo d\u1ea7n l\u00ean t\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 \u1ee7y vi\u00ean B\u1ed9 Ch\u00e1nh Tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n Trung Qu\u1ed1c cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi m\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7]<\/a> U\u1ea5t Tr\u00ec Cung (585-658), t\u1ef1 l\u00e0 K\u00ednh \u0110\u1ee9c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u1ee9 Thi\u1ec7n D\u01b0\u01a1ng, S\u00f3c Ch\u00e2u (nay thu\u1ed9c t\u1ec9nh S\u01a1n T\u00e2y), danh t\u01b0\u1edbng khai qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi T\u1ea7n Qu\u1ef3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 hai v\u1ecb M\u00f4n Th\u1ea7n (th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa v\u1ebd hai b\u00ean c\u1eeda v\u00e0o d\u1ecbp T\u1ebft, ho\u1eb7c h\u1ecda h\u00ecnh tr\u00ean c\u1ed5ng c\u00e1c mi\u1ebfu th\u1edd th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 xua \u0111u\u1ed5i, tr\u1ea5n \u00e1p ma qu\u1ef7).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[8]<\/a> Nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt X n\u00f3i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 Thai S\u1ea3ng Thu (1897-1976), v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi huy\u1ec7n Thai, t\u1ec9nh Giang T\u00f4. \u00d4ng ta t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc v\u1ecb th\u1ea1c s\u0129 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Chicago, r\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Columbia, Hoa K\u1ef3. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1931, \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u01b0\u1edbp \u0111o\u1ea1t ch\u00f9a mi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc. Trong n\u0103m 1935, trong h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng khai ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb v\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c gi\u00e1o ch\u1ee9c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh. H\u1ecd Thai t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, hi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edfng, vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i Hoa Nam, t\u1eebng l\u00e0m \u1ee6y Vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o D\u1ee5c \u1ee6y Vi\u00ean H\u1ed9i d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c. Khi C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a Nh\u00e2n D\u00e2n Trung Hoa th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, \u00f4ng ta l\u1ea1i ch\u1ea1y v\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 d\u1ea1y t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Ph\u1ee5 Nh\u00e2n r\u1ed3i d\u1ea1y t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc B\u1eafc Kinh cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi v\u1ec1 h\u01b0u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[9]<\/a> Tr\u00e0-t\u1ef3 (Jh\u0101peti), c\u00f2n phi\u00ean \u00e2m l\u00e0 X\u00e0 T\u1ef3, X\u00e0 T\u1ef5, Da Duy, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1ecfa thi\u00eau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[10]<\/a> Tuy h\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1t \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi ho\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 chuy\u00ean tu T\u1ecbnh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 \u1ea4n Quang, h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o ghi ch\u00e9p chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec3u s\u1eed c\u1ee7a h\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng. D\u1ef1a theo nh\u1eefng ghi ch\u00e9p c\u1ee7a m\u00f4n nh\u00e2n T\u1ed5 \u1ea4n Quang, ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft h\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1t v\u1ed1n xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n t\u1eeb Tam Th\u00e1nh \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1i Ph\u1ed5 \u0110\u00e0 S\u01a1n, do th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ebf quan n\u00ean ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 g\u1eb7p m\u1eb7t t\u1ed5 \u1ea4n Quang. Sau khi b\u1ed9 V\u0103n Sao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh, h\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 t\u1ed5 \u1ea4n Quang, nh\u01b0ng l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 h\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e3 sang Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i n\u00ean ch\u01b0a g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c! \u0110\u1ebfn m\u00f9a Xu\u00e2n n\u0103m D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c 15 (1926), \u00f4ng Cao H\u1ea1c Ni\u00ean t\u1eeb n\u00fai B\u00f4i \u0110\u1ed9 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Ninh Ba, \u01b0\u1edbc h\u1eb9n v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 \u1ea4n Quang s\u1ebd c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i lo vi\u1ec7c in s\u00e1ch. H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1t bi\u1ebft tin li\u1ec1n d\u1eb7n \u00f4ng Cao \u0111\u01b0a t\u1ed5 \u1ea4n Quang \u0111\u1ebfn ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i t\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh l\u00e0 H\u1ea1 Vi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Tam Th\u00e1nh \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i, do v\u1eady, hai v\u1ecb m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eb7p m\u1eb7t nhau v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft. T\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5y v\u1ec1 sau, m\u1ed7i d\u1ecbp c\u1ea7n sang Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i, t\u1ed5 \u1ea4n Quang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t gian ph\u00f2ng d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho Ng\u00e0i trong ch\u00f9a Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh. H\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1t ch\u1eb3ng ti\u1ebfc s\u1ee9c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ed5 \u1ea4n Quang trong c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c ho\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1p. Khi T\u1ed5 mu\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh phi\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5u do b\u1ecb c\u00e1c n\u01a1i g\u1edfi th\u01b0 h\u1ecfi han qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u, t\u00ednh \u0111i sang H\u01b0\u01a1ng C\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ebf quan, h\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1t \u0111\u00e3 tha thi\u1ebft m\u1eddi T\u1ed5 v\u1ec1 b\u1ebf quan t\u1ea1i ch\u00f9a B\u00e1o Qu\u1ed1c do h\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec7m c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 t\u1eadn l\u1ef1c \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 t\u1ed5 \u1ea4n Quang trong c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ebfn Linh Nham S\u01a1n T\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh th\u1eadp ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u00e0ng chuy\u00ean tu T\u1ecbnh nghi\u1ec7p. C\u1ea3m k\u00edch tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ecbnh t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1t, trong nh\u1eefng th\u01b0 t\u1eeb trao \u0111\u1ed5i, T\u1ed5 lu\u00f4n g\u1ecdi h\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1t l\u00e0 \u201chuynh\u201d tuy tu\u1ed5i t\u00e1c l\u1eabn ph\u00e1p l\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec1u cao h\u01a1n h\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1t. Khi T\u1ed5 \u1ea4n Quang vi\u00ean t\u1ecbch, ch\u00ednh h\u00f2a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ch\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee9ng ra d\u1ef1ng th\u00e1p, ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec l\u1ec5 tr\u00e0-t\u1ef3 v\u00e0 tuy\u00ean ph\u00e1p ng\u1eef tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00e2m l\u1eeda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ch\u00fang con xin cung k\u00ednh tr\u00edch trong \u1ea4n Quang V\u0103n Sao Tam Bi\u00ean, quy\u1ec3n 4 XVII. Ph\u1ee5 L\u1ee5c 1. Trung H\u01b0ng T\u1ecbnh T\u00f4ng \u1ea4n Quang \u0110\u1ea1i S\u01b0 H\u1ea1nh Nghi\u1ec7p k\u00fd S\u01b0 h\u00fay Th\u00e1nh L\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u1ef1Continue readingTi\u1ec3u s\u1eed c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 \u1ea4n Quang<\/span><\/i><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"episode_type":"","audio_file":"","cover_image":"","cover_image_id":"","duration":"","filesize":"","date_recorded":"","explicit":"","block":"","itunes_episode_number":"","itunes_title":"","itunes_season_number":"","itunes_episode_type":"","filesize_raw":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[10],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3330","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tieu-su-aqds"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/daotrangtayphuong.org\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3330","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/daotrangtayphuong.org\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/daotrangtayphuong.org\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/daotrangtayphuong.org\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/daotrangtayphuong.org\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3330"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/daotrangtayphuong.org\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3330\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3503,"href":"https:\/\/daotrangtayphuong.org\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3330\/revisions\/3503"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/daotrangtayphuong.org\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3330"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/daotrangtayphuong.org\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3330"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/daotrangtayphuong.org\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3330"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}